Laws against lewdness and sodomy were used in an attempt to regulate sex work.
Red-light districts formed in the 19th century in major cities across the country in an attempt by sex workers to find spaces where they could work, isolated from outside society and corresponding stigma.
Hetaera in Greece and geisha in Japan were seen as prestigious members of society for their high level of training in companionship.
Attitudes towards prostitution have shifted through history.
During the Middle Ages prostitution was tolerated but not celebrated.
It wasn't until the Renaissance and the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century that attitudes turned against prostitution on a large scale and bodies began to be regulated more heavily.
Despite its prevalence, attitudes towards prostitutes were negative and many times hostile.
Although the law did not directly address prostitution at this time, law enforcement often targeted prostitutes.
Prostitution varies by forms and social contexts including different types of direct and indirect prostitution.
The criminalization of exposing others to AIDS significantly impacted sex workers.
Harm reduction strategies were organized providing testing, counseling, and supplies to stop the spread of the disease.
Because of the agency associated with the term, "sex work" generally refers to voluntary sexual transactions; thus the term does not refer to human trafficking and other coerced or nonconsensual sexual transactions.
Due to the legal status of some forms of sex work and the stigma associated with sex work, the population is difficult to access; thus there has been relatively little academic research done on the topic.
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